Socrates - 1461 Words

Socrates was one of the greatest Greek philosophers. His work was not to propose any specific knowledge or policy: it was to show how argument, debate, and discussion could help men to understand difficult issues. Most of the issues he dealt with were only political on the surface. Underneath, they were moral questions about how life should be lived. Such is the influence of Socrates that philosophers before him are called the Presocratic philosophers. Socrates made enemies, three of whom brought charges against him. Socrates was tried for his life in 399 BC, found guilty, and put to death by drinking hemlock. The story of his trial and death is the subject of a tract by Plato which is called the Apologia. Most of what we know about†¦show more content†¦In Platos works, Socrates says he knows nothing, but can draw out other peoples ideas just as his mother helped other women to give birth. In 399 BC, when Socrates was an old man, three citizens—Meletus, Anytus and Lyc on—brought charges against Socrates. A trial was held. In ancient Athens the procedure was quite different from the present day. There was a jury of 500 men drawn from the citizens. Both the accusers and the defendant had to make speeches in person to the jury. Guilt or innocence was by majority vote. There was no preset penalty if the verdict was guilty. Both the accuser and the defendant would make speeches proposing what the penalty should be. Again, a vote was taken. There were two charges against him. The general theme was that Socrates was a menace to society. The first charge was of heresy, disbelief in the Gods. It was probably meant to cause prejudice amongst the jurymen. Actually, Socrates observed all the correct procedures of the religion of his times. The charge had been used successfully against another philosopher, Anaxagoras. The second charge was that he corrupted the youth with his teachings. What was meant by this? Apparently, this was not about his persona l relationship with his pupils. It was about the way he was thought to influence their political views. His circle had included a number of right-wing aristocrats whose ideas were now rejected by most citizens. The brilliantShow MoreRelatedSocrates : The Suicide Of Socrates1405 Words   |  6 PagesSocrates was born in 470 BCE in Athens, Greece. His father was Sophroniscus, a sculptor and stone mason from Athens and his mother was a midwife by the name of Phaenarete (30 Interesting Socrates Facts 2014). Socrates original profession was masonry and sculpting, before becoming a philosopher. On a day in 399 BC, Socrates ( roughly 71 years at the time) went to trial.Now why would anyone want to send an old man to court? Three answer is that Socrates was accused of refusing to recognize theRead MoreSocrates And The Apology Of Socrates1322 Words   |  6 Pages Socrates is quite the unique individual compared to most, if not all, other Greeks at that time. In the Apology, Socrates gives an analogy of himself being a gadfly and that his gadfly like actions are favorable for Athens and that the actions are goods he is providing. From his service he claims to live a more private life than a public life when discussing virtue. This paper is going to discuss Socrates and his analogy of a gadfly, approach to others about virtue, his conduct effect on democracyRead MoreSocrates As A Martyr And Socrates927 Words   |  4 PagesIn philosophy class this semester we spoke a lot about Socrates and his trial. We were required to read the dialogue ‘Apology’ by Plato. The à ¢â‚¬ËœApology’ Dialogue is what Plato recorded during the speech Socrates gave to the court defending himself against the charges of corrupting the young, and by not believing in the gods in whom the city believes† these two were the main charges, but underneath that there were also other significant charges such as being considered an antidemocratic or pro-SpartanRead MoreSocrates : The Problem With Socrates908 Words   |  4 PagesThe Problem With Socrates: The problem with Socrates concerns the problem with the role of value and reason. Nietzsche believes that the bulk of philosophers claim that life is a corrupt grievance for mankind. Nietzsche reasoned that these life deniers were decadents of Hellenism, as a symptom of some underlying melancholy. For someone to paint life in such a negative light they must have suffered a great deal through the course of their own life. Furthermore, these no-sayers agreed in various physiologicalRead MoreSocrates Worldview Of Socrates1855 Words   |  8 PagesPart 1: Socrates’ Worldview Socrates is a widely renowned teacher, who has taught and demonstrated a variety of lessons that regard how he views the world. Socrates has described his view on morality, purpose, death, and the ultimate. He has spoken about these views through multiple texts including The Last Days of Socrates and they have been interpreted through the text Socrates by George Rudebusch. Through these worldviews, Socrates has given people the opportunity to expand their wisdom andRead MoreSocrates1099 Words   |  5 PagesSocrates the Greek Philosopher December 14, 2014 PHI/105 In the beautiful city of Athens, Greece, there was a philosopher Socrates, and his Socratic method, was laid on the groundwork for the Western systems of logic and philosophy. Socrates did believe that he didnt know anything, and It was because of this that the Oracle told Socrates that he was wise and that he should seek out the wise men to hear what they had to say. So Socrates began to travel to different parts of Greece to questionRead MoreSocrates659 Words   |  3 PagesSocrates Socrates was accused of many things in the Athens market. Socrates was accused of being a man who makes the worse argument into the stronger argument. A man who knows about the heavens and earth and therefore any one who believe this must not believe in the gods. Socrates was accused of being an atheist. Most of the people that followed him around his quest were inquisitive. Where as most adults would walk by Socrates with his â€Å"annoying question† the youth stopped to see what heRead MoreSocrates : A Man By The Name Of Socrates963 Words   |  4 PagesIn 469 B.C. a man by the name of Socrates was born. Socrates was a very wise man that cared about doing the right thing. He believed that the best ways to develop ideas was in the give and take of conversation, and that the best way to educate people was to ask them a series of questions leading in a particular direction (now named â€Å"Socrates method). Socrates had been quick to identify the drawbacks of democracy, and he had also been the teacher of two men who in different ways harmed Athens: AlcibiadesRead MoreSocrates s Views On Socrates1314 Words   |  6 PagesSocrates could undeniably be described as one of the most influential philosophers and greatest thinker of his time. His views can be interpreted many different ways, but most would agree that he sought out wisdom and truth for the betterment of himself and his community. Though Socrates was one of the most intelligent men of his time, he was very foolish to never write his own book. For this reason, after his passing, one of his students, Plato, began to write a book about his teachings and ideasRead MorePlato s Ion, Socrates, And Socrates855 Words   |  4 PagesIn Plato’s Ion, Socrates tries to prove that all poets are ignorant. He did not leave out himself, as a matter of fact, what separated Socrates from the others is the fact that he knew he was ignorant. In Socrates conversation with Ion- the rhapsode, he was able to prove that Ion is ignorant by asking him about Homer and another poet who spoke about the same topic, Ion was able to speak up about the questions on Homer, but not that of the other poet, even though they both spoke about the same content

Trifles And The Women Who Worry Over Them - 1037 Words

Trifles and the Women Who Worry Over Them At the start of Susan Glaspell’s dark drama â€Å"Trifles† we are introduced to the characters as they all arrive at an abandoned farmhouse previously owned by the recently murdered Mr. John Wright and his killer, and wife, Mrs. Wright. The men’s dominance over the situation and the women is clear from the initial understanding of their individual roles. The men all seem to have important tasks to perform. The sheriff and the county attorney are investigating John Wright’s murder by searching for evidence of his wife’s guilt. Mr. Hale, a farming neighbor, has been requested to give his testimony of the morning he discovered the murder, thus enforcing the important roles of the male characters. The†¦show more content†¦The county attorney then discovers a mess of canned fruit that shattered when frozen, prompting the women to discuss Mrs. Wrights worry for her preserved fruit. The men find it odd tha t in light of her situation she would care about such a trivial object. Hale states: â€Å"Well, women are used to worrying over trifles† (Trifles, 30) and in that moment the title of the play is born. Immediately following Mr. Hale’s remark we are prompted that â€Å"[the two women move a little closer together]† (Trifles, 31) While this prompt may seem minor it is the first occurrence of Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters teaming up in reply to a demeaning comment made by one of the men. As the story progresses the men continually dismiss the comments of the woman and in doing so overlook the â€Å"womanly† places and objects in the house. By ignoring these places, such as the kitchen, they take their search upstairs and leave the woman alone downstairs where they slowly begin to piece together evidence of Mr. Wright’s murder and the reasoning behind it. The women, left alone, begin to collect some of Mrs. Wright’s personal belongings with the inte ntion of delivering them to the jail for her. As they collect her possessions, the two women begin speaking amongst themselves. Throughout their conversations the men continue to appear and leave again on their all important search for justice. They consistently criticize the woman throughout the script for worrying about the small things such as

Work in Front of the Kids Free Essays

Kohler-Evans, Patty A. Co-Teaching: How to Make This Marriage Work in Front of the Kids. Education, 127, 2, 260-264. We will write a custom essay sample on Work in Front of the Kids or any similar topic only for you Order Now Summary The article â€Å"Co-Teaching: How to Make This Marriage Work in Front of the Kids† by Kohler-Evans discusses the implications and effects of co-teaching on children, and provides co-teaching lessons for teachers whoa re willing to improve class performance. The article provides both theoretical and practical research of the problematic issues. The author writes that general education teachers don’t try to meet the needs of all students, but it is inappropriate as students have different abilities to learn. Moreover, disabled students should be provided with more care and attention than normal students. Therefore, co-teaching seems to be one of the most effective strategies to make teachers feel the needs of all students and to choose education program depending on that factor. As a result, a practical research was conducted to identify whether co-teaching was effective in improving overall students’ performance. During experiment two teachers were placed in one room at the same time. This process was called co-teaching. Kohler-Evans continues that â€Å"co-teaching teams have been forced into the general education classroom where veteran teachers feel insulted to have a special education teacher placed in the room with the expectation that they both teach content area critical concepts†. (p. 260) She claims that results appeared encouraging. Despite the fact that teachers were forced to teach, not asked, the majority of teachers involved in the experiment said they were pleased with the outcome and were going to try again as it ensured positive effect of students’ performance. However, the author claims that more studies are needed to identify exacts effects and outcomes of co-teaching on children, especially on children with special needs. Nevertheless, it is apparent that co-teaching is effective way to make students more involved in studying process and to improve their achievements. I think that one of the most important ideas of co-teaching is tendency to cooperation and partnership as working with another teacher will provide more new ideas about managing, planning and monitoring the perfect lesson. Apparent strength of the article is that the author doesn’t simply discuss effects and benefits of co-teaching. Instead, she provides practical recommendations for those teachers whoa re willing to practice the technique of co-teaching. She recommends, for example, finding volunteers. Of course, many teachers are confident in their professionalism and they don’t want to be taught, but there are still teachers who are open to new ideas. It is important to note that co-teaching relations are an excellent opportunity for professional growth and development. Further, the author tells to place value on co-teaching and to refer to it as inclusive practice. It is important as â€Å"when all students are valued, students without disabilities have the opportunity to develop into more compassionate and caring individuals†. (p. 262) However, the central advice is to have fun from co-teaching as it offers many opportunities for cooperation and collaboration, for exploring new teaching practices and improving performance. Knowledge Application I think the article is very informative offering use new fresh ideas about teaching practices. The information provided in the paper has improved and broadened my knowledge of co-teaching and its specific moments. I think that this practice can be implemented in every classroom as it is a new opportunity for both teachers and students. Teachers will learn how to treat each other equally and how to share responsibilities. Students, in their turn, will be provided with wider range of information and knowledge. However, I don’t think that traditional education should be forgotten. Summing up, co-teaching gives an opportunity to share the best teaching moments with someone else. References Kohler-Evans, Patty A. Co-Teaching: How to Make This Marriage Work in Front of the Kids. Education, 127, 2, 260-264. How to cite Work in Front of the Kids, Papers

About Love Summary Essay Example For Students

About Love Summary Essay ABOUT LOVE (Anton Chekhov Summary: In â€Å"About Love† we read the dynamics of romantic love which tries to show that ‘love’ as such is not bound by marital relations. Anton Chkhov presents accounts of love affairs expressing his personal experience which makes him feel that love is just a hindrance and a source of dissatisfaction and irritation. The story begins in a country house where Alyohin, the narrator was having breakfast with his guests Burkin and Ivan Ivanych. Meanwhile, Nikanor the cook came to ask what to prepare for dinner. Then Alyohin revealed the love affair of Nikanor and Pelageya, one of his servants. According to him, Pelageya loved Nikanor very much. She did not want to marry him, but was ready to live with him just so. The cook was deeply religious and therefore he was ready to live with her if she married him. Alyohin has been living a farmer’s life at Sofyino since he graduated from the University. As a graduate, he was not fit for rough work but his father had spent a lot of money on his education by mortgaging the estate. So he had to work hard until he paid off the debt. Although he was a landowner, he would work with his men and women like a peasant. He also tried to maintain his civilized life by reading books and by drinking coffee and liqueurs after lunch and dinner. Later in summer he would be so tired that he could not go to upstairs to his bed. He would sleep anywhere and began to eat in the servant’s kitchen. He had been elected honorary magistrate many years before. And sometimes he had to go to town to take part in court sessions. Then he would lead a luxurious life and meet educated persons. He made friends in the town. One of the friends was Luganovich, who unexpectedly invited him to dinner. In his house he met Anna Alelxeyevna, Luganov’s wife. Her first baby was born just six months before. She was a young, beautiful, kind, intelligent, fascinating woman. When he was near her, he felt as if he had been familiar with her long ago in his childhood. Her husband was good-natured and simple-minded. He could not express his personal opinion on the decision of the court even at dinner and in private conversation. Both the husband and the wife entertained the guest. Their active participation made him think that they lived in peace and harmony. Alyohin spent the whole summer at Sofyino. Her memory remained in his mind all those months. He felt as if her shadow was lying lightly in his soul. In the late autumn, Alyohin attended a charity show in the town and he saw Anna there. She looked wonderfully beautiful with her lovely and caressing eyes and she gave him the same feeling of nearness. She said that he looked dull and old, and that she expected that he would come to the theatre. The next day he lunched with the Luganoviches. After that he would visit the family every time he went to the town. He went into their house as though he were one of the family. She would welcome him and ask why he hadn’t seen them for so long. Her gaze, her beautiful hand, her simple dress, her hairstyle, her voice, her gait would make him feel new, extraordinary and very important. They would talk for hours. If she was not in the home, he would wait for her. When she came home from the market, he would take all her parcels from her as a boy. Alyohin was unhappy. He wondered why Anna had married Luganovich, not him. Luganovich was not energetic, but old and obedient. Whenever he went to the town, he would find that she was expecting him. They would talk for a long time, but they never told that they loved each other. They tried to conceal it. He loved her deeply, but had no strength to fight against it. He supposed that his gentle love could ruin the life of her husband, her children and it was not a good thing. If he had married her, she would not have been happier in his country house. They might not have loved each other afterwards. Anna also might have thought like this. She might not make him happy because she was not young enough for him and not labourous to start a new life. So she would ask her husband to find a suitable girl for Alyohin. He would come to the Luganoviches’ and he was warmly welcomed there. He would go to the theatre with her. In the hall they would sit side by side, and he felt that she was his own. But when they came out, they would go separately as strangers. Anna’s behavior had been changed recently. She would frequently go to her mother and sister. She began to be moody. She felt that her life was unsatisfactory and ruined. At such times she did not care to see her husband and her children. She was being treated for nervous tiredness. She would disagree with Alyohin and wanted to tease him knowingly. Luganovich was transferred to the western provinces and Anna had to go to Crimea for her treatment. A lot of people had come to the railway station to see Anna off. She had said goodbye to her husband and her children. But she had almost forgotten her basket. Alyohin ran into her compartment with it and then he had to say goodbye. When their eyes met together, their spiritual strength left them. He took her in his arms. She pressed her face to his breast, and tears flowed from her eyes. Kissing her face, he said that he loved her. Now he realized that the thing that stopped them from loving each other was unimportant. He understood that one should reason about love from the higher level, and that one should not think of happiness or unhappiness, sin or virtue. He kissed her for the last time, pressed her hand and separated from her for ever. The train was already moving. He went into another empty compartment. Until he reached the next station, he sat crying. Then he walked home to Sofyino. The rain stopped and the sun came out. Burkin and Ivan enjoyed the scene outside. At the same time they were sorry for Alyohin. He could make his life happier by doing something else instead working on the farm. They also thought of Anna’s sorrowful face. Question Answers 1. Tell about the love between Pelageya and Nikanor. Ans: Pelageya is a beautiful girl. She is servant of the narrator. Nikanor is a cook. There is a violent love affair between them. She wants to live with him just so. But Nikanor is a religious man so he wants to marry her. Sometimes he drinks and swears at her and even beats her. Whenever he drinks, she hides upstairs and sobs. They express their sensual love. 2. Sketch the character of Alyohin. Ans: Alyohin is a citizen of Russia. He lives at Sofyino. He is a farmer. Strange Meeting EssayThere he meets Luganovich and makes him an intimate friend. He also meets his wife Anna who has a six mothes old baby. She is wonderfully beautiful with herr lovely and emotional eyes. He falls in love with her. But their love is unexpressed. He goes to her house and she welcomes him. They become familiar, begin to visit cinema, etc. So that the society watches them taking lvoe. As an educated man Alyohim sokethimes becomes aware of his and her life, thinks about future and realizes that marriage will be destructive to both of them. Anyway he falls in love with her and hteir love is spiritua and true. When the was in university, he also fell in love with a girl who counningly finished his money. Her love was only ofr money. Alyohin has experiences of three types of love. Alyohin is a middle class man. He is moral. He knows the middle class morality. He sacrifices everything for his morality. So he decides not to destroy Anna’s life and family. He is not cunning and wicked man. He is frank, free, sincere and emotiinal man gueded by his own reason. He even goes to the rail station to say good bye to Anna. He is a kind and helpful man. He is also a man of foresight. 13. How did Alyohin define love? Ans: Alyohin defined love as a mysterious thing beyond all types of social limitations in About Love. Alyohin presented three love is possible between too much unmatchable persons having totally different life ideologies. Love story between alyohin himself and Anna also justified love as a mysterious thing. Alyohin was graduate and an unmaried person. Anna was married woman and mother of two children. Thery lvoed to each other but they didn’t now that they loved each other. They only knew that on eoved the other. Love between two ddistinctively different persons like Alyohin and Anna was also possible. So, love is defined as a mysterious flexible thing which is not limited within social, age, caste, religious and class factors. Anton triess to justify the meaning and definition of love through Alyohin as an unkimited and unrestricted thing in the world which crosses very tyep of boundaries. 14. In the story â€Å"About Love † there are mainly tow stories of love. The first is love affiar betwee two servants and the other is Alyohin’s won love story. How does Anton Chekhov show the contrast between the two stores? Ans: In the story†About Love† Anton Chekhov shows the contrast betwe th atwo love stores. The first is the love betweent eh two servatns pElageya and Nikanor. Pelageya loves Nikanor but she dones not want to marry im. She wnats to love with him ust fo. But Nikanor asks ehr to marry,. He doews not like to live with her being hsband and wife before marriage cecause his relihoon deos not permit him to live with her just so. The writer shows the second love between Alyohin, the naraator of this story and Anna, the wife of Luganovich,. When Alyohhn s elected Honorary Justice, he goes ot the town and meets Luganovich. Luganovich inveites hism for dinner. There he sees his wife Anna and is attacted by her. Anna and Alyohin bvoth fall in love but ehy don not expres their love. They are afaraid of omorality thiehking that the ove maay be harmful. As a result, Anna has a mental sickness and she ahs to go tyo Crimea for treatment. At last they accept and express their love to each other and say good-bye. They separate for ever. There are many differences between these two love stories. Teh first one is the love between the two servants but the second one is between the two landowenrs and ecucated persons. The two servants, Pelagey and Nikanor, expres their violent love affair derectly but alyohin and Anna hide their love. The servants fight each other but Alyohin and Anna do not. They behave politely. Their love is spiritual, true and higher kingd whereas the servants are passionate and mean. The servants cannot contro their lvoe but Alyohin and Anna can control. The servetns so not think avbout the result of love isn future but Alyohin and Anna think deeply about the result fo their lvoe in future. On this way Xheknov shows the contrast bvetween two ve stories: on is expressed love and the other is unexpressed love. Questions to Practise a. Describe the love between Pelageya and Nikanor. b. Why didn’t Nikanor want to love with beautiful Pelageya â€Å"just so†? c. How does Alyohin define love? d. Why should the love, in each case, be individualized? e. When does love become hindrance and source of dissatisfaction? f. How and where did Alyohin meet Anna Alexeyevna? g. Why did Alyohin and Anna try to conceal their love though it had become deep between them? h. What was the cause of Anna’s sickness? What was the result of it? i. Sketch the character of Alyohin. j. In the story â€Å"About Love † there are mainly tow stories of love. The first is love affiar betwee two servants and the other is Alyohin’s own love story. How does Anton Chekhov show the contrast between the two stores? Questions to Practise a. Describe the love between Pelageya and Nikanor. b. Why didn’t Nikanor want to love with beautiful Pelageya â€Å"just so†? c. How does Alyohin define love? d. Why should the love, in each case, be individualized? e. When does love become hindrance and source of dissatisfaction? f. How and where did Alyohin meet Anna Alexeyevna? g. Why did Alyohin and Anna try to conceal their love though it had become deep between them? h. What was the cause of Anna’s sickness? What was the result of it? i. Sketch the character of Alyohin. j. In the story â€Å"About Love † there are mainly tow stories of love. The first is love affiar betwee two servants and the other is Alyohin’s own love story. How does Anton Chekhov show the contrast between the two stores? Questions to Practise a. Describe the love between Pelageya and Nikanor. b. Why didn’t Nikanor want to love with beautiful Pelageya â€Å"just so†? c. How does Alyohin define love? . Why should the love, in each case, be individualized? e. When does love become hindrance and source of dissatisfaction? f. How and where did Alyohin meet Anna Alexeyevna? g. Why did Alyohin and Anna try to conceal their love though it had become deep between them? h. What was the cause of Anna’s sickness? What was the result of it? i. Sketch the cha racter of Alyohin. j. In the story â€Å"About Love † there are mainly tow stories of love. The first is love affiar betwee two servants and the other is Alyohin’s own love story. How does Anton Chekhov show the contrast between the two stores?

Sirk and Fassbinder All That Is Allowed Essay Example

Sirk and Fassbinder: All That Is Allowed Paper Genre films were created in the golden age of Hollywood as a way to pre-sell movies. The audience knew what to expect when they went to see a musical, a western or a melodrama because of the established genre archetypes. The melodrama as a film genre dates back to the inception of those genres created by Hollywood. In the forties and fifties the melodrama was referred to as womens films or weepies. Today melodramas are often referred to as a chick-flicks for the same reason because they are usually a romantic tragedy aimed at female viewers. Since Hollywood targets its blockbuster pictures at young men, the melodrama is often considered the red-headed step-child genre. Thomas Schatz describes the Melodrama as: applied to popular romances that depicted a virtuous individual (usually a woman) or couple (usually lovers) victimized by repressive and inequitable social circumstances, particularly those involving marriage, occupation, and the nuclear family (Schatz)1 Both films, Sirks All that Heaven Allows and Fassbinders Ali: Fear eats the Soul deal with women protagonists trying to find unconventional love while suffering criticism from the society around them. The word melodrame was first used in France meaning spoken drama with some musical accompaniment and the word melos originates from Greek meaning song. One of the key features of the melodrama is the music that accompanies the dramatic moments. The music in both films can be felt throughout, contributing to the mood of the film as much as the lighting and acting. In All that Heaven Allows Sirk uses sweeping orchestrations, common at that time, to bring the high points of the dramatic moments to a crescendo. We will write a custom essay sample on Sirk and Fassbinder: All That Is Allowed specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sirk and Fassbinder: All That Is Allowed specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sirk and Fassbinder: All That Is Allowed specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Fassbinder did not have much use for an orchestra using the ethnic Arabic music and contemporary music of the time to elicit his moments of drama. His choice of music also has a great impact letting the audience feel like they are somewhere exotic when Emmi steps out of the rain into the Arabic bar. All that Heaven Allows and Ali: Fear eats the Soul are ideal films to compare because Ali is Fassbinders remake of Sirks All that Heaven Allows. While the two stories share a common story thread of an older widower falling in love with a younger man, the films have a lot less in common than youd expect. In All that Heaven Allows Jane Wymans Cary Scott character is in her forties, she falls for Rock Hudsons Ron Kirby who is a few years younger than her, but more importantly he is not in the same elite suburban class Cary. Carys society life and her children are just some of the forces that drive them apart. The class difference in Ali does not exist, but in its place there are cultural and race issues topics that would have been hard for Sirk to explore in Hollywood in the fifties and an exaggerated age difference between Brigitte Miras Emmi and El Hedi ben Salems Ali. Fassbinder also chose to tell a larger story. While Ron and Cary meet in the beginning of All that Heaven Allows they are kept apart until the end of the film, Fassbinder chose to deal with the aftermath of Emmi and Alis decision to get married. To understand both films with regards to the genre and sub-genre we must look more closely at the familial interactions in the melodramas themselves. While All that Heaven Allows can be put into the sub-genre of the family melodrama, Ali: Fear eats the Soul cannot. In All that Heaven Allows Jane Wymans Cary sacrifices her love life for her children. A year later her children have all but abandoned her to live their own lives and she is left trapped her living room, reflecting in her misery upon her new companion, the television screen. The family melodrama by contrast, though dealing largely with same oedipal themes of emotional and moral identity, more often records the failure of the protagonist to act in a way that could shape the events and influence the emotional environment, let alone change the stifling social milieu. The world is closed, and the characters are acted upon. Melodrama confers on them a negative identity through suffering, and the progressive self-immolation and disillusionment generally ends in resignation: they emerge as lesser human beings for having become wise and acquiescent to the ways of the world. (Elsaesser)2 In Ali, Emmi makes no sacrifice for her family, they have already abandoned her to her loneliness and when she gathers them up in her living room to introduce her new husband to her children they are driven even further from her life. Her son Bruno, most likely in homage to Sirk, smashes the television screen freeing Emmi from her lonlieness. Although Emmi is upset that she has lost her children, she no longer needs the companionship of the TV because she has Ali. The subtle difference between Emmis actions and Carys actions differentiate the two films between family melodrama and melodrama. Another major difference between the two films is how Jane Wymans Cary is accepted by Rons friends compared to how Alis friends accept Emmi. Cary is immediately accepted into Rons extended family, while Emmi faced indifference, outrage and abuse when she encounters Alis friends and co-workers. Emmi and Alis whole relationship hinged on a dare that he should ask her to dance. When both Ali and Emmi realize how terribly lonely they both are, and how they enjoy each others company their mutual friendship begins. At the lowest point of Emmi and Alis relationship she is mocked by his co-workers calling her his grandmother. Even he laughs at her, it is a testament to her strong character and her love for him that keeps her trying to win him back. In All that Heaven Allows Ron Kirby [Rock Hudson] was the strong character, an emotional rock that represented a positive alternative lifestyle for Cary [Jane Wyman] with his views on nature and his love of books like Walden by Henry David Thoreau. In stark contrast Ali is a flawed character and when he is marginally accepted into Emmis world he has an identity crisis and flees into the bed of a former lover and her couscous. He ultimately falls to the fear and stress of being an outsider, making Emmi in some ways the stronger character. Ron Kirbys only mistake was slipping off the side of a cliff when he sees Cary driving away. What is true with every genre holds true with the family melodrama and that is good consistent characters make the emotional highs believable and the lows sustainable until the next high arrives. Sirks characters were not only believable, but they helped subvert the political climate of the time by painting a tender and desirable portrait of the outsider. The outsider, Rock Hudsons Ron Kirby, was a good person who embraced un-American ideals his views on work, his closeness with nature and his society-be-damned attitude could have been viewed as communist propaganda in a time where McCarthyism dictated Hollywood morals. It was precisely this outsider as a hero portrayal that Fassbinder enjoyed. Fassbinder was a gay filmmaker in Germany in the late 60s and 70s and he was an outsider. As evinced in Ali, everyone could still remember what it was like when Hitler was in power, his favorite restaurants and how everyone was in the Nazi party. Twenty or thirty years earlier gays along with Gypsies, communists and Jews were the pariah of society, and were taken away for being outsiders. There are two minor characters in each story that are sympathetic, if not supportive of the lead womens quest to find love and happiness. In All that Heaven Allows the doctor advises her to ignore what other people think and be with Ron. Not being with him is causing her migraines and unhappiness. The landlords son in Ali is a similar to the Doctor. He may represent what Fassbinder hopes how all Germans should behave. When we are introduced to him, he thinks that Ali is a subletter, but when he finds out that they are to be married he is not judgmental even though the audience expects it. When the other tenants in the building complain to him about Ali, he scolds them for trying to upset Emmis happiness. These characters are minor, but placing them alongside the larger story it helps the melodrama from seeming hopeless for the audience. The melodrama is close cousin to the film noir genre. Both genres use objects to box in and trap their protagonists. The use of mirrors and shadow evoke emotions that would not be as effective as dialogue. Sirk was a master at mirror and shadows, caging Jane Wymans Cary in a suburban house and forcing her to sit alone with her television. Her daughter references the Egyptian widows being buried alive with their husband and how they dont want that for her mother, but not only do they plan just that, they will move her to a smaller tomb and force her to keep company with Uncle Milty and her new Television. Fassbinder achieves the same moodiness keeping Ali and Emmi boxed in with brilliant framing. He did not use shadows to evoke emotion as did Sirk, but instead used distance to convey a sense of loneliness. When his characters were being judged by society they could be found behind doorframes, staircase railings and a sea of empty tables and chairs. Fassbinders French New Wave roots let whole scenes run with one take and simply panning from one character to another as if we were eavesdropping on their lives. What is important to Cary is representative of the time that All that Heaven Allows was filmed. Standing in the community and being proper. The same can be said to be true about Emmi in Ali. What is important to her isnt what people think, she is clueless as to what is wrong with foreigners, but the most important thing to her is happiness. In one scene her co-workers complain that foreigners are lazy and lay about having sex and drinking all day long and in the next scene she visits her daughter and her son-in-law, who is at home pretending to be ill and drinking. Her worst critic was the cleaning woman who in the end turns out to be stealing from the company. These movie genre guidelines might seem inhibitive to creative directors like Douglas Sirk or Rainer Werner Fassbinder, but in fact they may have been liberating, allowing them greater freedom to explore character development and occasionally break these rules with greater impact. Sirk was able to make movies during the forties and fifties that Fassbinder described as subversive political statements that were effective instruments against social oppression within the Hollywood studio system because of the freedom that the genre archetype afforded him. Sirks Hollywood melodramas were made at a time when studios exerted strict control over the messages in its films fearing for the industry itself during McCarthy era politics. What Fassbinder found in Sirks films was a way to tell a narrative story within the boundaries of the genre while still being subversive. Fassbinders earlier films were more Godardian in nature pulling the viewers abruptly out of the story. With Sirks influence Fassbinder managed to pull the viewer into the narrative of the melodrama so the audience would care about his characters, but still maintain a topical distance so the viewer would have to think about the subject matter and apply it their everyday life. Fassbinder was part of a movement of new German filmmakers who were flouting the classical Hollywood cinema style because they felt the characters were tepid, with problems that were glossed over for pretty boy actors and actresses. Whether Sirk was able to slip a subversive film past the Hollywood Studios by putting in a happy deer frolicking by the window in the closing credits of All that Heaven Allows or whether there was just a different mindset running the studios back then, Sirk was able to make strong social commentary on conformism, materialism and television.

Local Mobile Market Makes Glob essays

Local Mobile Market Makes Glob essays Thailand has become one of Nokia's top 10 markets for mobile phones and the company expects the market to keep growing. "The Asia-Pacific region is |an important region for Nokia |with three of our 10 largest markets in the world located in this region |- China, the Philippines and Thailand. We believe the region |will continue to see healthy growth over the next few years," Robert Anderson, senior vice president of Nokia Mobile Phone Asia-Pacific, said at the company's Asia-Pacific launch of its new mobile phones here on Tuesday. Nokia's "Style My Mobile World" event in Melbourne was held simultaneously with one at CeBIT 2002, the global technology fair in Hanover, Germany. Nokia holds the largest share |of the Thai mobile phone mar-|ket with about 40 per cent, follow-|ed by Motorola, Siemens and Ericsson. Telecom analysts have fore-|cast that the Thai mobile-phone |market will reach eight million |units this year, up from six million last year. Some of the six Nokia mobile phones unveiled on Tuesday were tailored to the Asia-Pacific market, including the Nokia 3510, which supports general packet radio services and multimedia messaging as well as polyphonic sounds. The model will go on sale in Europe, Africa and the Asia-Pacific in the second quarter of this year, Nokia said. The 3315 model was designed exclusively for the Asia-Pacific |market. It will have a picture |editor, a Chinese phonebook and Thai input. Nokia Mobile Phones (Thailand) launched the first Thai-enabled Nokia 3350 model in Thailand on January 27. Nokia also unveiled its colour-screen 7210 model - which supports multimedia messaging service (MMS) and can be used on GSM networks in Europe, Asia and the United States - at Tuesday's event. Nokia will begin shipping the 7210 early in the third quarter. ...

Case Study 6.1 Sparks of Aggression Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case Study 6.1 Sparks of Aggression - Essay Example It then recommends the necessary actions that the organization needs to take to curb the prevalence of the harmful aggressive behavior. First, there are individual factors that led to the development of the aggressive behavior. Some individuals have a predisposition to aggression. Workers have different variables in terms of attitudes towards revenge, self-control, and negative affectivity. Individuals who have indulged in aggressive acts are more likely to have a dominant aggressive behavior in the future. From the case study, Petro suspects that the student had been spreading some rumors about him. The presence of unconfirmed stories about Pedro depicts that his work history has not been smooth, and there are negative issues that may stimulate an aggressive behavior. Secondly, organizational factors also contribute to aggression in the workplace. Interactions may result in perceptions of frustrations and unfair treatment that stimulate the growth of aggressive behavior in the workplace. The case study captures Pedro saying that the student usually receives special treatment because of his connection with a high official of the credit union. Pedro seemed to have perceived some element of unfairness in the treatment of the student and other employees, and this angered him. Somehow, the top leadership of the organization is to blame for their role in escalating Pedro’s aggression. Additionally, there are specific interpersonal factors that can also lead to aggression in the workplace. They could be groups or individuals within the proximity of the victim that exerts a conforming impact. In the case study, the female employee who had declined Pedro’s advancement seemed to contribute to his emotional instability. The actions of the female employee together with the student seemed to hurt him significantly. That is why he thought that the two staff members made fun of him whenever they conversed. It is